RARE - Aviation RPPC - Youngest Aviator Farnum T Fish Real Photo c 1911 Biplane

Description: RARE Real Photo Postcard Youngest Aviator of his Time High School Boy -- Farnum T. Fish Early Airplane ca 1911 For offer - a very nice Real Photo Postcard! Fresh from an estate in Upstate NY. Never offered on the market until now. Vintage, Old, antique, Original - NOT a Reproduction - Guaranteed !! Interesting image. Possible has a Glenn Curtiss / Keuka Lake connection - postmark from Hammondsport, sent to Branchport, NY. This came out of an estate in the Finger Lakes area. In good to very good condition. Light edge wear. Please see photos. If you collect postcards, 20th century history, advertising, airplane, occupation / occupational, postal, photography, flying, biplane, etc., this is a nice one for your paper or ephemera collection. Combine shipping on multiple bid wins! 1604 Farnum Thayer Fish (5 October 1896 – 30 July 1978) was an early American airplane pilot known as the "Boy Aviator".[1][2] He was, at the age of 15, the "youngest licensed aviator in the world".[1][3][4] BiographyEarly flying careerHe was born in Los Angeles, California on October 5, 1896 to a wealthy physician. Fish enrolled in the Wright Flying School near Dayton, Ohio in 1911 at the age of 15.[5] He stated in a 1971 newspaper article that he received four hours of lessons from Orville Wright.[6] On January 12, 1912, the Aero Club of America issued him Fédération Aéronautique Internationale Airplane Pilot's Certificate #85.[1] Fish immediately bought a Wright Model B biplane and had it shipped to California, where he flew it in an air meet at Dominguez Field in Los Angeles which ran from January 20 to 26, 1912.[1][5] On January 21, he had a close call when "he plunged earthward from a height of 1000 feet [300 m], his biplane righting itself when less than 200 feet [61 m] from the ground".[7] "The young flier ... stated that his machine dropped through a 'hole' in the air, and that he managed by desperate clinging to keep his seat until he encountered another current that bore him up."[7] Undeterred, he then participated in another meet at Emeryville[3][8] Race Track, also in California, which lasted from February 17 to 21 of the same year.[1] During this meet, he carried the first airmail to Oakland.[1] Next came a small meet in April at the Coronado Polo Grounds in San Diego, where he again carried airmail.[1] According to one source, it was here that Fish angered Glenn Curtiss when he landed without invitation on Curtiss's airfield.[9] On May 17, 1912, Fish was arrested "after landing his Wright Model B (with a woman passenger) in Grant Park"[10] in Chicago.[4] He avoided a fine by claiming engine trouble.[11] The Milwaukee Journal sponsored his non-stop, 93-mile (150 km) flight from Cicero Field, Chicago along Lake Michigan to Milwaukee on May 25, carrying Journal newspapers, mail and 50 pounds (23 kg)[1] or 300 pounds (140 kg)[4][12] of silk consigned to a department store. He made the trip in record time, either 2 hours 18 minutes[12] or 2 hours 20 minutes.[4] On May 29, The New York Times reported he had "made a fifty-mile [80 km] flight from Milwaukee to Watertown, Wis., carrying newspapers to the cities en route. It was the first use of an aeroplane in the circulating of newspapers."[13] The Journal stated that he had set a distance record for carrying a passenger, his mechanic Herbert Hazzard, on the return trip to Milwaukee.[14] On July 9, Fish wrecked his airplane while performing stunts at Revere Beach in Revere, Massachusetts. He lost control after a wing touched the water. Fish and his student Jack McGee were thrown 40 feet (12 m), landing in water deep enough to break their fall.[15] On July 31, Fish and a student survived a crash at Atwood Park in Saugus, Massachusetts after Fish's aircraft hit an air pocket, dropped 150 feet (46 m), crashed into a pole, turned upside-down and fell to the ground. Fish suffered only minor injuries, while Morris Shoemanhorne had a bruised head and a badly twisted right ankle.[16] Fred Wagner took photographs of the 1912 American Grand Prize race from Fish's airplane, seen here, on October 5.On October 6, the Milwaukee Journal reported that the "young birdman" had taken aloft photographer Fred Wagner to take aerial pictures of automobile races for "a large part of the six hours that the races lasted."[17] The Boston Evening Transcript noted on November 15, 1912 that the Aero Club of America had suspended Fish's license until July 1, 1913 for "violation of the rule prohibiting flying over sporting events, games and other public assemblies. Both Beachey and Fish have been frequently reported as performing difficult and dangerous feats above crowds of spectators".[18] Fish was apparently something of a juvenile delinquent. The November 4, 1914 Oakland Tribune reported that he had been charged with trying to steal an automobile as a "Halloween joke", also noting that he had previously been involved "in several bizarre episodes which brought him to the notice of the Los Angeles juvenile court".[19] Wounded for Pancho VillaOn May 15, 1915, Fish was flying reconnaissance for Pancho Villa during the Mexican Revolution.[1][5][20] While 500 feet (150 m) over a large body of soldiers, he was shot at; one bullet entered his calf, passed through his thigh and ended up in his shoulder.[5][20] He managed to return to his base before crashing in his bullet-ridden aircraft,[1] making him, according to Dr. John H. Lienhard, Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering and History at the University of Houston, "the first airplane casualty in the history of aerial warfare."[5] Fish went home to recuperate, and was soon flying again. On September 16, 1915, Wisconsin state fair visitors watched as Fish crashed into a pond.[21] Fortunately, while his airplane was "badly damaged", the pilot escaped with cuts and bruises.[21] A special booklet for the 1916 reunion of Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni listed among its program of activities "Flight by Farnum Fish in a Wright Biplane".[22] Military serviceWith America's entry into World War I, he enlisted in the United States Army in February 1918 and was commissioned a lieutenant in July.[1] In September, he was sent overseas as a test pilot for the Signal Corps, before being discharged in April 1919.[1] He was a member of the Air Service Officers Reserve Corps from June 1919 to 1934, and returned briefly to active duty in 1942.[1][5] Later lifeAfter his military service, he became a businessman in Los Angeles.[1] At the age of 74, he and his wife ran a statuary shop and lived in San Pablo, California.[6] He died on July 30, 1978. See alsoEarly Birds of Aviation, an organization of which Fish was a memberA biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other. The first aircraft to fly, the Wright Flyer, used a biplane wing arrangement, as did most aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage over a monoplane, it produces more drag than a similar unbraced or cantilever monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques, materials and the quest for greater speed made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s. Biplanes offer several advantages over conventional cantilever monoplane designs: they permit lighter wing structures, low wing loading and smaller span for a given wing area. However, interference between the airflow over each wing increases drag substantially and biplanes generally need extensive bracing which causes additional drag. Biplanes are distinguished from tandem wing arrangements where the wings are placed forward and aft, instead of above and below. The term is also occasionally used in biology, to describe the wings of some flying animals. Aviation Overview Biplane hang glider under tow. Philadelphia, USA, 1920s. In a biplane aircraft, two wings are placed one above the other. Each provides part of the lift, although they are not able to produce twice as much lift as a single wing of similar size and shape because the upper and the lower are working on nearly the same portion of the atmosphere and thus interfere with each other's behaviour. For example, in a wing of aspect ratio 6, and a wing separation distance of one chord length, the biplane configuration will only produce about 20 percent more lift than a single wing of the same planform.[2] In the biplane configuration, the lower wing is usually attached to the fuselage, while the upper wing is raised above the fuselage with an arrangement of cabane struts, although other arrangements have been used. Either or both of the main wings can support ailerons, while flaps are more usually positioned on the lower wing. Bracing is nearly always added between the upper and lower wings, in the form of wires (tension members) and/or slender interplane struts positioned symmetrically on either side of the fuselage. Advantages and disadvantages The primary advantage of the biplane over the more traditional single plane or monoplane is to combine great stiffness with light weight. Stiffness requires structural depth and, where early monoplanes had to have this added with complicated extra bracing, the box kite or biplane naturally has a deep structure and is therefore easier to make both light and strong. A braced monoplane wing must support itself fully, while the two wings of a biplane help to stiffen each other. The biplane is therefore inherently stiffer than the monoplane. Also, the structural forces in the spars of a biplane wing tend to be lower, so the wing can use less material to obtain the same overall strength and is therefore much lighter. A disadvantage of the biplane was the need for extra struts to space the wings apart, although the bracing required by early monoplanes reduced this disadvantage. The low power supplied by the engines available in the first years of aviation meant that aeroplanes could only fly slowly. This required an even lower stalling speed, which in turn required a low wing loading, combining both large wing area with light weight. A biplane wing of a given span and chord has twice the area of a monoplane the same size and so can fly more slowly, or for a given flight speed can lift more weight.[citation needed] Alternatively, a biplane wing of the same area as a monoplane has lower span and chord, reducing the structural forces and allowing it to be lighter.[3] Biplanes suffer aerodynamic interference between the two planes. This means that a biplane does not in practice obtain twice the lift of the similarly-sized monoplane. The farther apart the wings are spaced the less the interference, but the longer the spacing struts must be. Given the slow speed and low power of early aircraft, the drag penalty of the wires and struts and the mutual interference of airflows were relatively minor and acceptable factors. As engine powers rose after World War One, the thick-winged cantilever monoplane became practicable and, with its inherently lower drag and higher speed, from around 1918 it began to replace the biplane in most fields of aviation. The smaller biplane wing also allows better maneuverability. During World War One, this further enhanced the dominance of the biplane and, despite the need for speed, military aircraft were among the last to abandon the biplane form. Specialist sports Aerobatic biplanes are still occasionally made. Stagger Biplanes were originally designed with the wings positioned directly one above the other. Moving the upper wing forward relative to the lower one is called positive stagger or, more often, simply stagger. It can help increase lift and reduce drag by reducing the aerodynamic interference effects between the two wings. Many biplanes have such staggered wings. A common example from the 1930s is the layout found for the Waco Standard Cabin series. It is also possible to place the lower wing's leading edge ahead of the upper wing, giving negative stagger. This is usually done in a given design for practical engineering reasons. Examples of negative stagger include the Sopwith Dolphin and Beechcraft Staggerwing. However, forward stagger is more common because it improves both downward visibility and ease of cockpit access for open cockpit biplanes. Bays The space enclosed by a set of interplane struts is called a bay, hence a biplane or triplane with one set of such struts connecting the wings on each side of the aircraft is a single-bay biplane. This provided sufficient strength for smaller aircraft such as the First World War-era Fokker D.VII fighter and the Second World War de Havilland Tiger Moth basic trainer. The larger two-seat Curtiss JN-4 Jenny is a two bay biplane, the extra bay being necessary as overlong bays are prone to flexing and can fail. The SPAD S.XIII fighter, while appearing to be a two bay biplane, has only one bay, but has the midpoints of the rigging braced with additional struts, however these are not structurally contiguous from top to bottom wing. The Sopwith 1½ Strutter has a W shape cabane, however as it doesn't connect the wings to each other, it doesn't add to the number of bays. Large transport and bombing biplanes often needed still more bays to provide sufficient strength. These are sometimes referred to as multi-bay biplanes. A small number of biplanes, such as the Zeppelin-Lindau D.I have no interplane struts and are referred to as being strutless. Zeppelin-Lindau D.I strutless biplane Nieuport 23 single-bay sesquiplane SPAD S.XIII single-bay biplane with auxiliary struts Curtiss JN-4 two-bay biplane Handley Page V/1500 multi-bay biplane Sesquiplane The Pander E showing its sesquiplane configuration in flight The sesquiplane is a common variation on the biplane where one wing (usually the lower) is significantly smaller than the other either in span, chord or both. The name means "one-and-a-half wings." The arrangement may reduce interference drag between the wings whilst retaining the biplane's structural advantage. The 1920s Pander E is an example of an aircraft with a lower wing of exactly half the span and nearly one quarter (23%) of the area of the upper one. Some designs keep the upper and lower spans nearly equal, whilst reducing the lower chord of which the best known examples are probably the Nieuport military aircraft — from the Nieuport 10 through to the Nieuport 27, all designed by Gustave Delage during the Great War. The later Waco Custom Cabin series proved to be a popular example in general aviation. Another notable sesquiplane design was the German WWI Junkers J.I, the first all metal plane to be mass-produced. Ultralight aircraft Main article: Ultralight aviation Renegade Spirit with Rotax 618 engine Although most ultralights are monoplanes, the low speeds and simple construction involved have inspired a small number of biplane ultralights, such as Larry Mauro's Easy Riser (1975- ). Mauro also made a version powered with solar cells driving an electric motor - called the Solar Riser. Mauro's Easy Riser was used by the man who became known as "Father Goose", Bill Lishman.[4] Other biplane ultralights include the Belgian-designed Aviasud Mistral, the German FK12 Comet (1997- ), and the Lite Flyer Biplane.[5] [6] Another biplane microlight is the Murphy Renegade. History The Handley Page H.P.42, a large all-metal biplane airliner of the 1930s. Note the Warren truss interplane struts. The biplane configuration was developed from the box kite, invented by the Australian Lawrence Hargrave.[7] By 1896 Octave Chanute was flying biplane hang gliders and concluded that the externally braced biplane offered better prospects for powered flight than the monoplane. The Wright Flyer biplane of 1903 became the first successful powered aeroplane. Throughout the pioneer years, both biplanes and monoplanes were common, but by the outbreak of the First World War biplanes had gained favour due to a number of monoplane structural failures that resulted in the RFC's "Monoplane Ban" in the when all monoplanes in military service were withdrawn, while the French also withdrew most monoplanes from combat roles and relegated them to training. During the period from 1914 to 1925 most new aircraft were biplanes although by 1918, the Germans were experimenting with a new generation of monoplanes such as the Junkers D.I and Fokker D.VIII that might have ended the biplane's advantages earlier had the war not ended when it had, and the French already had the Morane-Saulnier AI strut braced parasol monoplane in service. Sesquiplane types, which were biplanes with abbreviated lower wings included the French Nieuport 17 and German Albatros D.III. The sesquiplane format offered slightly lower drag than a conventional biplane while being stronger than a monoplane. As the available engine-power and speed increased, the drag penalty of external bracing limited aircraft performance. In order to fly faster, it would be necessary to do away with the external bracing to create an aerodynamically clean wing. Early cantilever designs were too weak or too heavy. The 1917 Fokker V.4 prototype (identified by some as the V.3) was a cantilever triplane but suffered excessive flexing of the wings, while the Junkers J 1 of 1915 was overweight and had a poor rate of climb. Boeing Stearman E75 (PT-13D) biplane of 1944 By the 1930s biplanes had reached their performance limits, and monoplanes were predominant, particularly in continental Europe where monoplanes had been common from the end of World War I. At the start of World War II, several air forces still had biplane combat aircraft in front line use but they were clearly noncompetitive, and most were used in specialist roles, such as training or shipboard operation, until shortly after the end of the war. The British Gloster Gladiator and the Italian Fiat CR.42 biplane fighters were both still operational after 1939.[8] The German Heinkel He 50 and the Soviet Polikarpov Po-2 were both used in the night ground attack role until late in the war; the latter was even used by the Korean People's Air Force in the Korean War for night bombing. The British Fleet Air Arm flew Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers from its aircraft carriers in the anti-submarine warfare role until the end of the war because they could operate from the decks of small escort carriers. The Swordfish was especially well suited to its role, outliving its intended replacement. Later biplane trainers included the de Havilland Tiger Moth in the RAF and RCAF, Stampe SV.4 in the French and Belgian Air Forces, the Boeing Stearman in the USAAF and the Naval Aircraft Factory N3N with the US Navy. In later civilian use, the Stearman became particularly associated with stunt flying such as wing-walking. A 1997 model WACO Classic YMF-5C Modern biplane designs still exist in specialist niche roles such as aerobatics and agricultural aircraft with the competition aerobatics role and format for such a biplane well-defined in the mid-1930s by the Udet U 12 Flamingo. The Pitts Special dominated aerobatics for many years after World War II and is still in production, while the WACO Classic YMF is a reproduction of the original Waco design. The vast majority of biplane designs have been fitted with reciprocating engines of comparatively low power; exceptions include the Antonov An-3 and WSK-Mielec M-15 Belphegor, fitted with turboprop and turbofan engines respectively. Some older biplane designs, such as the Grumman Ag Cat and the aforementioned An-2 (in the form of the An-3) are available in upgraded versions with turboprop engines. The two most produced biplane designs are the 1913 British Avro 504 (8,970 built by November 1918) and the 1928 Soviet Polikarpov Po-2 (over 20,000 built), and coincidentally with the Po-2 being the direct replacement for the Soviet copies of the Avro 504, anmed Avrushka . In avian evolution It has been suggested the feathered dinosaur Microraptor glided, and perhaps even flew, on four wings, which were held in a biplane-like arrangement. This was made possible by the presence of flight feathers on both the forelimbs and hindlimbs of Microraptor, and it has been suggested the earliest flying ancestors of birds may have possessed this morphology, with the monoplane arrangement of modern birds evolving later.[9]

Price: 199 USD

Location: Rochester, New York

End Time: 2025-01-09T18:22:59.000Z

Shipping Cost: 3.95 USD